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Detection of modern Slow DoS attacks
Jurek, Michael ; Jonák, Martin (referee) ; Sikora, Marek (advisor)
S rozvojem propojených zařízení v síti internet se počet útoků zvětšuje. Útočníci můžou zneužít takového zranitelného zařízení a vytvořit (D)DoS útok proti své oběti. Tyto útoky se stávají čím dál tím víc sofistikovanější. Proto byla vytvořena nová kategorie DoS útoků s názvem Pomalé DoS útoky, u kterých se útočník snaží napodobit chování standardního uživatele. Útočník se snaží využít všech možností, které mu transportní či aplikační protokol umožňují jako např. náhodné zahazování paketů, neodesílání nebo pozdržování zpráv. Na druhou stranu tvorba vlastních aplikačních výplní těchto protokolů může způsobit stav odepření služby na cíleném aplikačním serveru. Tato práce navrhuje klasifikaci síťových toků a volbu parametrů, které můžou pomoci s detekcí pomalých DoS útoků. Mezi vybranými pomalými DoS útoky jsou Slow Read, Slow Drop a Slow Next. Pro každý útok je popsán proces komunikace z pohledu transportní a aplikační vrstvy. Dále jsou vybrány důležité parametry popisující tyto útoky a v neposlední řadě jsou diskutovány metody a nástroje umožňující tvorbu takových útoků. Tato práce se zabývá možnostmi a nástroji tvorby spojení pro útok a diskutuje základní komunikační koncepty tvorby paralelních spojení. Dále je navržen vlastní generátor pomalých DoS útoků s velkým množstvím parametrů, pomocí nichž může útočník definovat vlastní pomalé DoS útoky. Následující část popisuje testovací prostředí pro testování generovaných útoků, scénáře a nástroje zachycování síťového provozu pro tvorbu vlastního datového souboru, jež je dále použit pro detekci pomalých DoS útoků pomocí metod strojového účení s učitelem. Konrétně jsou použity rozhodovací stromy a náhodné lesy k výběrů důležitých paramterů či sloupců použitelných pro detekci pomalých DoS útoků.
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Recognition of vehicles using signals sensed by smartphone
Nevěčná, Leona ; Vítek, Martin (referee) ; Smíšek, Radovan (advisor)
Thanks to the development in recent years, the placement of miniaturized sensors such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, global positioning system receivers (GPS), microphones or others to commercially sold smartphones is increasing. Use of these sensors (which are to be found in the smartphone) for human activity recognition with health care improvement in mind is a discussed theme. Advantages of the use of smartphone for human movement monitoring lies in the fact that it is a device that the person measured carries with them and there are no additional costs. The disadvantages are a limited storage and battery. Therefore, only accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, and microphone were chosen because their combination achieves best results. GPS sensor was excluded for its lack of reliability in sampling and for being energy demanding. Features were computed from the measured data and used for learning of the classification model. The highest accuracy was achieved with the use of a machine learning method called Random Forest. The main goal of this work was to create an algorithm for transportation mode recognition using signals sensed by a smartphone. The created algorithm succeeds in classification of walk, car, bus, tram, train, and bike in 97.4 % with 20 % holdout validation. When tested on a new set of data from the tenth volunteer, the resulting accuracy counted as average form classification recall for each transportation mode reached 90.49 %.
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3D Slicer Extension for Tomographic Images Segmentation
Chalupa, Daniel ; Jakubíček, Roman (referee) ; Mikulka, Jan (advisor)
This work explores machine learning as a tool for medical images' classification. A literary research is contained concerning both classical and modern approaches to image segmentation. The main purpose of this work is to design and implement an extension for the 3D Slicer platform. The extension uses machine learning to classify images using set parameters. The extension is tested on tomographic images obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance and observes the accuracy of the classification and usability in practice.
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Laptop Touchpad Palm Detection with AI/ML
Menzyński, Mark Alexander ; Kavetskyi, Andrii (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
Situace ohledně detekci a odmítnutí dlaně na laptopech je méně než ideální. Většina výzkumů se zabývá odmítnutím dotyků na dotykových obrazovkách, a na laptopy probíhá téměř žádný. Patrně nějaký uzavřený výzkům probíhá uvnitř výrobců laptopů, ale i přes to je technologie pozadu. Tato práce prozkoumává několik metod plytkého a hlubokého strojového učení, a výsledná přesnost byla zjištěna jako více než dostačující. Také implementuje aplikaci v reálném čase na demonstraci modelu.
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Machine Learning Optimization of KPI Prediction
Haris, Daniel ; Burget, Radek (referee) ; Bartík, Vladimír (advisor)
This thesis aims to optimize the machine learning algorithms for predicting KPI metrics for an organization. The organization is predicting whether projects meet planned deadlines of the last phase of development process using machine learning. The work focuses on the analysis of prediction models and sets the goal of selecting new candidate models for the prediction system. We have implemented a system that automatically selects the best feature variables for learning. Trained models were evaluated by several performance metrics and the best candidates were chosen for the prediction. Candidate models achieved higher accuracy, which means, that the prediction system provides more reliable responses. We suggested other improvements that could increase the accuracy of the forecast.
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Tissue characterisation in spectral CT data
Poláková, Veronika ; Jan, Jiří (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with tissue characterisation in virtual monoenergetic images (VMI). Firstly, literature survey presents spectral CT which allows reconstructing VMI. Secondly, statistical evaluation of tissue CT numbers was made for all energies of VMI which were reconstructed. It was found that with growing energy of VMI CT number increases or decreases with different steepness depending on a type of tissue. As a consequence, the suitable VMI offer better contrast resolution between selected pairs of tissues, which enables better tissue segmentation and classification in these images.
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Tool for Classification of Lifestyle Traits Based on Metagenomic Data from the Large Intestine
Kubica, Jan ; Hon, Jiří (referee) ; Smatana, Stanislav (advisor)
This thesis deals with analysis of human microbiome using metagenomic data from large intestine. The main focus is placed on bacteria composition in a sample on different taxonomic levels regarding the lifestyle traits of an individual. For this purpose, a tool for classification of several attributes was created. It considers attributes like diet type and eating habits (vegetarian, vegan, omnivore), gluten and lactose intolerance, body mass index, age or sex. From range of machine learning perspectives considering K Nearest Neighbours (kNN), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) were used. Datasets for training and final evaluation of the classifier were taken from American Gut project. The thesis also focuses on particular problems with metagenomic datasets like its multidimensionality, sparsity, compositional character and class imbalance.
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Genetic Programming in Prediction Tasks
Machač, Michal ; Mrázek, Vojtěch (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
This thesis introduces various machine learning algorithms which can be used in prediction tasks based on regression. Tree genetic programming and linear genetic programming are explained more thoroughly. Selected machine learning algorithms (linear regression, random forest, multilayer perceptron and tree genetic programming) are compared on publicly available datasets with the use of scikit-learn and gplearn libraries. A core part of this project is a new implementation of linear genetic programming which was developed in C++, tested on common symbolic regression problems and then evaluated on real datasets. Results obtained with the proposed system are compared with the results obtained with gplearn.
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Machine Learning as a Tool for the Prediction of the Effect of Mutations on Protein Stability
Dúbrava, Juraj Ondrej ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Musil, Miloš (advisor)
The main focus of this thesis is the prediction of the effect of amino acid substitutions on protein stability. My goal was to develop a predictive tool for the classification of the effect of mutations by combining several machine learning techniques. The implemented predictor, which utilizes SVM and Random forest methods, has achieved higher accuracy than any of the integrated methods. The novel predictive tool was compared with the existing ones using independent testing dataset. The predictor has yield 67 % accuracy and MCC 0,3.
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